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Mexcentrix – Shelter Services Mexico Outsourcing
23Jun

Mexico’s Labor Costs: A Competitive Advantage for Manufacturers

junio 23, 2025 Nuria Minondo Blog

In today’s fast-paced global market, manufacturers constantly seek ways to cut costs without sacrificing quality or efficiency. One of the most effective approaches is to expand or relocate operations to Mexico, a country that offers an ideal combination of low cost and a skilled workforce.

 

Mexico’s Manufacturing Wages vs. U.S.

When comparing manufacturing wages, Mexico offers a clear cost advantage over the U.S, allowing companies to keep margins while scaling operations.

Both México’s and the United States’ labor costs vary per location and industry; nevertheless, below you can find approximate fully burdened rates for some common positions in the manufacturing industry:

United States Labor Costs Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics,  Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) Profiles, May 2024 Profiles.  

 

A Skilled and Growing Workforce

Mexico continues to invest in education and vocational programs, producing a growing pipeline of engineers and technicians. Many companies from Germany and its surrounding have benefited from the dual education model.

Furthermore, regions such as Bajío, Monterrey, and Tijuana are recognized for their industrial ecosystems and technical universities, making them attractive hubs for advanced manufacturing.

This ongoing investment in human capital ensures that manufacturers can count on a reliable workforce to support long-term growth.

 

Regional Flexibility for Operational Strategy

Mexico’s labor market also provides geographic flexibility. While northern border areas often have higher labor rates due to increased demand and cost of living, central and southern regions can offer more affordable options while still maintaining access to infrastructure and skilled labor. In the southern region there is still a need for training and qualifying personnel for the manufacturing industry.

This diversity allows manufacturers to customize their site selection based on budget, logistics, and access to supply chains or export routes.

 

Why Mexico Makes Strategic Sense

In addition to finding cost savings in real estate and logistics costs, with its affordable and skilled labor, Mexico has become a go-to destination for manufacturers aiming to reduce costs and increase efficiency. It’s not just a matter of lowering expenses; it’s about building a scalable, resilient, and responsive supply chain close to major consumer markets.

Moreover, operating under a shelter company like Mexcentrix, we can help you save up to 40% in the start-up phase and up to 20%

 

Ready to Establish Your Operations in Mexico?

At Mexcentrix, we help international companies navigate every step of the manufacturing setup process from site selection and legal compliance to full shelter services and operational support. Contact us today to learn how we can support your success in Mexico.

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23Jun

SL MEX invests US$45 million in San Luis Potosí

junio 23, 2025 Nuria Minondo NEWS

The automotive sector in San Luis Potosí has attracted a new international investment with the arrival of SL MEX, a Korean company that will invest US$45 million in the first phase to establish a production plant in the Logistik II industrial park in Villa de Reyes.

The announcement was made by the state governor, Ricardo Gallardo Cardona, who highlighted that the installation of SL MEX represents a firm step towards the diversification and modernization of the automotive industry in San Luis Potosí, consolidating the state as one of the main hubs for foreign investment in Mexico.

The plant, led by Kyungsoo Koo, president of SL MEX, has already been completed and has a total area of 8.9 hectares, including a building of more than 14,000 square meters. From this strategic location, automotive headlight modules will be manufactured for major global brands such as BMW, General Motors, Hyundai, and Kia.

With 12 production lines and an installed capacity to manufacture up to one million modules per year, the company will generate 385 direct jobs, strengthening regional economic development and adding value to the automotive supply chain.

According to the company’s projections, operations will begin in the coming months, and annual sales of $144 million are expected by 2030, a figure that will position San Luis Potosí as a key hub in the global supply of automotive lighting components.

Source: Mexico Now

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13Jun

Mexico’s Aerospace Industry Projects to Double its Value by 2029

junio 13, 2025 Nuria Minondo NEWS

Mexico has established itself as one of the main destinations for foreign investment in the aerospace industry. According to data from the Mexican Aerospace Industry Federation (FEMIA), the Mexican aerospace market is valued at US$11.2 billion and is projected to reach US$22.7 billion by 2029, driven by annual growth of more than 15 percent.

According to the Mexico Industry portal, at the end of the first half of 2024, 386 aerospace companies were operating in the country in 19 states, with 370 specialized plants generating more than 50,000 direct jobs and 190,000 indirect jobs. This progress has positioned Mexico as the world’s twelfth largest exporter of aerospace components.

Against this backdrop, the 2025 Mexico Aerospace Fair (FAMEX), held from April 23 to 26 at the No. 1 Military Air Base in Santa Lucía, reaffirmed the country’s strategic position in the sector. It brought together 337 companies, representatives from 48 countries, and 73 aircraft, including models such as the F-35 and the Airbus A400M.

Twenty air forces, 12 universities, and diplomats from 40 nations also participated. The fair was the scene of national innovations, such as the Pegasus PE-210A, the first aircraft designed and manufactured in Mexico by Oaxaca Aerospace. Designed for training and tactical missions, it incorporates advanced technology and can be adapted to electric or hydrogen engines, anticipating sustainable aviation.

Horizontec, a company from Celaya, Guanajuato, was also recognized with the “Made in Mexico” certificate for its Halcón 2 aircraft, assembled with high technology and in-house development. In addition, it promoted sustainability in aviation, rewarding Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) projects with methods such as Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ) and Furans to Jet (FTJ). These initiatives seek to reduce the environmental footprint and promote a clean and sustainable future.

International cooperation was key at FAMEX 2025. Foreign governments and companies explored strategic alliances. Baja California, as an aerospace hub, signed agreements with SAFRAN and Meloche Group, reinforcing its position as a center for foreign investment.

Delphine Borione, French ambassador, highlighted that her country has invested almost $280 million in the Mexican aerospace sector, positioning itself as the second largest foreign investor. She also highlighted partnerships with universities to train qualified human capital.

Florence Copin, from Safran, emphasized that this company is the leading aerospace employer in Mexico, present in four states and accounting for 25 percent of the sector’s workforce, employing nearly 15,000 people. She reaffirmed her commitment to innovation, excellence, and the professional development of Mexicans.

Source: Mexico Now

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23May

What to Know About Hiring Personnel in Mexico

mayo 23, 2025 Nuria Minondo Blog

One of the main advantages when nearshoring to Mexico is its cost-effective labor market. However, it’s important to understand the country’s labor framework to stay compliant and build a productive workforce. Here’s what you need to know:

 

Key Aspects of Mexican Labor Law

Mexico’s Federal Labor Law (Ley Federal del Trabajo or LFT) is the primary legal framework that governs labor relations in the country. It sets out the rights and obligations of both employees and employers, aiming to promote fair labor practices, decent working conditions, and social justice. The law applies to most employment relationships in Mexico and covers various aspects such as employment contracts, wages, working hours, rest periods, occupational safety, and procedures for labor disputes.

Key Principles of Mexican Labor Law:

  • Worker Protection: The LFT strongly favors employees in legal interpretation, as it’s based on social justice and constitutional labor rights.
  • No Employment at Will: Employees in Mexico cannot be dismissed without cause and without severance; labor laws are much more protective compared to countries like the U.S.
  • Mandatory Benefits: Employers must provide specific benefits, including paid vacation, Christmas bonus (aguinaldo), profit sharing, social security, and severance pay if applicable.

Work Shifts and Hour Limits

The law classifies work shifts into three main categories: daytime, nighttime, and mixed shifts, each with specific rules regarding allowable working hours. These classifications are essential for ensuring compliance with labor standards and protecting workers well being. Below is an overview of each shift type:

Daytime

  • Hours: between 6:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m.
  • Maximum daily duration: 8 hours.
  • Maximum weekly duration: 48 hours.
  • Working days: Monday to Saturday.

Night shift

  • Hours: Between 8:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m
  • Maximum daily duration: 7 hours.
  • Maximum weekly duration: 42 hours.

Mixed Workday

  • Combination: Includes periods of the day and night shift, provided that the night period does not exceed 3.5 hours; otherwise, it is considered a night shift.
  • Maximum daily duration: 7.5 hours.
  • Maximum weekly duration: 45 hours.

 Overtime Pay

Hours worked beyond the established workday are considered overtime and must be paid as follows:

  • Up to 9 overtime hours per week: Paid at 200% of the regular hourly wage.
  • From the 10th overtime hour per week onward: Paid at 300% of the regular hourly wage.

The law limits overtime to a maximum of 3 hours per day and no more than 3 times per week, meaning a total of 9 overtime hours per week.

 

Trial Periods

According to Article 39-A of the Federal Labor Law (LFT), when entering into an initial contract for an indefinite period or more than 180 days, a trial period may be established with the following maximum durations:

  • Up to 3 months (90 days) for operational, administrative or general positions.
  • Up to 6 months (180 days) for management, managerial, or positions requiring specialized technical knowledge.

During the probationary period, the employer may terminate the employment relationship without liability for payment of severance (liquidation), provided that there is objective evidence of lack of aptitude or performance, and the legal procedure is respected.

 

Minimum Wage

As of January 1, 2025, the official minimum wages set by the National Minimum Wage Commission (CONASAMI) are:

  • General minimum wage: MXN 249.00 per day (USD 14.50)
  • Northern Border Zone: MXN 374.89 per day (USD 21.80)

 

Mandatory Benefits by Law

Mexican employers are legally obligated to provide the following benefits:

 

Common Additional Benefits Offered by Employers

Many companies offer voluntary benefits beyond what the law mandates to remain competitive. These include:

  • More than 15 days of Christmas bonus
  • Savings funds (Fondo de Ahorro): Often matched up to 13% of salary
  • Food vouchers (vales de despensa): Tax-exempt up to a limit (approx. 40% of UMA)
  • Transportation assistance
  • Private health insurance
  • Life insurance

 

Employee Dismissal

Dismissal in Mexico can be with cause or without cause, but either way, it must follow legal protocol:

  • Without cause: Requires a severance payment of
    • 3 months of daily salary
    • 20 days per year worked
    • 12 days per year of seniority bonus (capped at 2x minimum wage)
  • With cause: No severance required, but must be justified (Article 47)

 

Final Recommendations

Here are some best practices for hiring in Mexico:

  • Always use written contracts, even for temporary roles.
  • Register employees with the IMSS and INFONAVIT on day one.
  • Keep detailed payroll records for compliance and audits.
  • Partner with a local HR/payroll provider if you’re unfamiliar with local laws.
  • Use a compliant payroll software

Mexico’s labor landscape is structured to protect employees but remains employer-friendly when properly managed. Understanding your obligations and offering attractive benefits will position your company as a competitive and responsible employer. For more insights into how shelter companies can help your business, consider contacting Mexcentrix and exploring case studies of companies that have successfully leveraged this model.

Mexcentirx can guarantee 100% compliance with labor laws and facilitate the process of hiring in Mexico. Contact us!

 

 

 

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21May

United States Reduces Tariffs on Cars to Mexico from 25 to 15%

mayo 21, 2025 Nuria Minondo NEWS

Following the publication of the tariff rules on Tuesday, it is now official that Mexico, Canada and the United Kingdom are the countries that, to date, have the best access conditions to the U.S. market, although the levies themselves go against the T-MEC.

The United States reduced from 25% to 15% the approximate average tariff on imported cars originating in Mexico, informed Marcelo Ebrard, Secretary of Economy.

The lower rate is conditional on the vehicles complying with the rules of origin of the Mexico-U.S.-Canada Agreement (T-MEC). Otherwise, imports will pay a 25 percent tariff.

President Donald Trump imposed a 25 percent tariff on certain auto imports, effective April 3, 2025, and certain auto parts imports effective May 3, 2025.

For autos, the United States applies exceptions to three nations: “a discounted tariff” to Mexico and Canada, and an annual quota for the United Kingdom of 100,000 units with a 10 percent tariff.

Regarding the former, the U.S. Department of Commerce published this Tuesday in the official gazette (Federal Register) the procedures to obtain discounts in tariffs on auto imports, which only apply to Mexico and Canada if they comply with the rules of the T-MEC and can be retroactive as of April 3, 2025.

“Vehicles that are made in Mexico will have a discount from that tariff (…) by around 40%, but it may be that in some cases it will be higher,” he said during a COA conference in Mexico City.

He explained it in this other way: “From now on and from the time this new rule goes into effect, vehicles that are made in Mexico and go to the United States, instead of paying 25 percent, will pay around 15 percent.”

Trump’s Proclamation states that automobiles that qualify for preferential tariff treatment under T-MEC may submit documentation to the Department of Commerce to identify the U.S. content in each model imported into the United States.

In 2024, the United States imported approximately 8.1 million automobiles from the world with values totaling approximately $248.8 billion, based on the categories of automobiles described in Annex I of the referenced Proclamation.

Among these automobiles, approximately 3.7 million (approximately 46%) are included in U.S. trade statistics that have been declared eligible for T-MEC preference.

Within that volume, 1.07 million of these eligible cars were imported from Canada, and 2.66 million cars were imported from Mexico.

In theory, these discounts represent the upper limit of cars that could qualify for tariff exemptions on the U.S. content of these imports.

According to analysts, the United States violates the T-MEC by imposing tariffs on cars imported from Mexico or Canada that comply with the T-MEC.

“Today an agreement is published that I see as very positive, which establishes preferential treatment for the automotive industry in Mexico and Canada, in relation to the automotive industry of other countries in the world,” said Ebrard.

Then he added: “This decree, which is being published today, says that on average between 40, maybe 50% of the tariffs for automotive vehicles will be reduced, 40 to 50%, with respect to other countries in the world”.

At the event, Susan Segal, President and CEO of the Americas Society/Council of the Americas, commented: “I am convinced that the concept of an integrated North America, the T-MEC will continue, because in the end it continues to benefit all three countries.

 

Source: El Economista

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16Abr

San Luis Dasung Invests US$9 Million in New Plant

abril 16, 2025 Nuria Minondo NEWS

The entity reaffirms its position as an automotive hub with the inauguration of the second industrial plant of San Luis Dasung, a subsidiary of the Malaysian group MK TRON, located in the Logistik II Park.

The expansion represents an investment of US$9 million and the generation of 250 new direct jobs, bringing the company’s total workforce to 700 workers.

Dedicated to the components for the automotive industry in Mexico and the United States, San Luis Dasung strengthens its operational capacity with an industrial complex equipped with Korean automated technology.

This advanced infrastructure not only improves production efficiency, but also demands specialized technical personnel, generating well-paying jobs and raising the region’s industrial profile.

During the inaugural event, the head of the Secretariat of Economic Development (Sedeco), Jesús Salvador González Martínez, emphasized that San Luis Dasung’s investment reflects the confidence of foreign capital in the state. He also highlighted the importance of collaboration between the public and private sectors as a key to consolidate San Luis Potosí as a pole of attraction for new investments.

With this expansion, San Luis Dasung not only expands its footprint in Mexico, but also boosts regional development through skilled technical employment, technological innovation and export-oriented supply chains.

Source: Mexico Now

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11Abr

Household and beauty products giant Unilever to invest US $800M in Nuevo León

abril 11, 2025 Nuria Minondo NEWS

Unilever, one of the world’s largest consumer goods companies, has announced a multi-million dollar investment in Mexico to build a manufacturing plant in the northern state of Nuevo León.

The move follows a previous announcement in February 2023, when the company said it planned to invest US $400 million in Mexico over the next three years. This week’s announcement increases that initial sum to $800 million.

Despite the uncertainty resulting from a series of global tariffs imposed — and later paused — by U.S. President Donald Trump, the beauty and personal care products manufactured by the new facility will be destined primarily for export to the United States and Canada. The factory will be located at Nexxus and Nexxus2, within the Salinas Industrial Park in the municipality of Salinas Victoria near Monterrey, Nuevo León.

“Nuevo León continues to thrive!” Nuevo León Governor Samuel García wrote on his official X account from London, where he met with the company’s executives as part of a European working tour promoting Nuevo León as a strategic hub for new investments.

García’s state, in fact, has been on quite a run lately in attracting new investment.

Just a few days ago, during the same European working tour, García announced that toy company LEGO will invest $508 million to expand its plant in Ciénega de Flores, outside of Monterrey.

Other recent investments in Nuevo León include that of car manufacturer Volvo (US $1 billion), electric tools manufacturer Daye (US $260 million), mobility company Fixbus (US $162 million), zinc die casting products manufacturer Zinkteknik (US $60 million), industrial automation and robotics company Kuka (amount not made public yet) and global logistics service provider Rhenus (US $50 million).

“Investments like these prove that we are the industrial heart of Mexico and a global manufacturing powerhouse,” García added.

As for the Unilever project, in its first phase, the new plant is expected to create 850 direct jobs, with an additional 120 jobs possible in the future. The products manufactured in Monterrey will include deodorants, shampoos, hair conditioners and body lotions from well-known brands such as Dove and Sedal.

Once finished, the plant will seek the coveted Lighthouse certification, an international recognition for factories that use cutting-edge technologies to increase productivity and efficiency while minimizing their environmental impact.

In addition to the Nuevo León project, Unilever has made significant investments in its four existing plants in México state, Morelos and Mexico City. Between 2021 and 2023, it allocated 5.5 billion pesos (US $277 million) to increase production capacity and boost exports from Mexico to its international markets.

With over 400 brands across a wide range of industries in 190 countries worldwide, Unilever estimates that two billion people use their products every day. These brands include Magnum, Rexona, St. Ives, Hellman’s, Knorr, Ponds and TRESemmé, among many others.

Source: Mexico News Daily

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11Abr

Trump Pauses Reciprocal Tariffs… for 90 Days

abril 11, 2025 Nuria Minondo NEWS

Hours after his global trade sanctions package went into effect, and amid a volatile Treasury bond market, Donald Trump put the brakes on his tariff war and announced a 90-day pause for most U.S. trading partners, with the exception of China.

Trump’s decision, which took even his trade representative, Jamieson Greer, who was testifying at the time in the House of Representatives, by surprise, came amid not only a drop in the major New York Stock Exchange indexes, but an imbalance in the Treasury bond market, the most solid instruments in the U.S. financial system.

Traditionally, bond yields rise in periods of financial volatility, but on this occasion – for the first time in recorded history – yields fell, which could reflect capital flight, according to experts.

Trump’s decision raises tariffs on China to 125 percent, but maintains a reciprocal levy of 10 percent for most countries during the pause period.

The news triggered one of the steepest stock market rallies in 16 years, partially recovering the losses of the past two weeks.

In the case of Mexico and Canada, Scott Bessent, Secretary of the Treasury, sowed confusion when he agreed to reporters that the two U.S. trading partners would be taxed at 10 percent, like all other countries except China.

However, the White House clarified that they were never on the reciprocal tariff list and will continue to be subject to the 25 percent tariff on steel and aluminum, as well as 25 percent on auto exports that do not comply with T-MEC rules of origin.

Without acknowledging a failure of the strategy, President Trump told reporters that more than 75 countries have already approached the United States to try to reach some agreement.

“Now the bond market looks beautiful,” he wrote shortly thereafter on the social network Truth Social.

Countries that had already offered zero tariffs on U.S. goods include Vietnam, Argentina and Israel, among others.

His decision came amid deepening fractures in conservative ranks, especially in the U.S. Senate, which were reflected during Greer’s appearance.

A parade of foreign officials to Washington is now expected, as requested by the White House, to seek to negotiate bilateral agreements and try to clear the uncertainty in the global trade and financial system over the next 90 days.

Source: El Financiero

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08Abr

Understanding the PROSEC Program in Mexico

abril 8, 2025 Nuria Minondo Blog

In the highly competitive global manufacturing landscape, companies are constantly seeking ways to enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and improve their market positioning. One valuable program in Mexico that has helped numerous manufacturers achieve their goals is the PROSEC (Programa de Promoción Sectorial), established in Mexico in 2002.

 

What is PROSEC?

PROSEC is a program that allows a reduction of the general import tax (IGI) on imported goods to be used in the production of specific products of the 24 PROSEC sectors.

The program is beneficial for businesses that produce goods for both domestic and international markets.  Nevertheless, in order for the company to be able to obtain the PROSEC authorization, it must manufacture the goods listed in Article 4 of the PROSEC Decree, using the goods/materials listed in Article 5 of the PROSEC Decree.

By lowering import costs, PROSEC enables manufacturers to optimize production processes and remain competitive.

 

Key Benefits of the PROSEC Program in Mexico

  1. Reduced Import Duties: Companies enrolled in PROSEC can import necessary materials and equipment at lower or zero tariff rates, significantly reducing operational costs.
  2. Increased Competitiveness: By lowering costs, manufacturers can price their products more competitively in both local and international markets.
  3. Encourages Investment: The program makes Mexico a more attractive destination for foreign direct investment (FDI) in manufacturing.
  4. Eligibility Across Various Sectors: PROSEC is available for a wide range of industries, including automotive, electronics, textiles, and pharmaceuticals, among others.

 

How to Apply for the PROSEC Program in Mexico?

Manufacturing companies interested in joining PROSEC must:

PROSEC Program Mexico

 

Rule 8th (Regla Octava)

According to Article 2, Section II, of the Complementary Rules of the General Import and Export Tax Tariff Law, Eight Rule is an import permit to reduce the general import tax (IGI) for those goods that are not listed in Article 5 of the PROSEC decree. Depending on the criteria to which they are subject, they can be authorized or not by the Ministry of Economy.

To be a company applicable for this permit, it is indispensable to have the PROSEC Program first, and in case of temporary imports, it must also count with an IMMEX Program.

Companies that have a manufacturer’s registration and authorization to import under the 8th rule may import such goods through any of the HTS Codes of heading 98.02 of the tariff of the general import and export taxes (TIGIE), solely and exclusively to expand an industrial plant, replace equipment or integrate an article manufactured or assembled in Mexico.

 

Obtaining PROSEC or Rule 8th 

PROSEC and Rule 8th are both considered valuable tools for manufacturing companies seeking to enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and remain competitive in a globalized economy.  These programs present compelling opportunities worth exploring.

For manufacturing companies seeking to explore these programs and optimize their operations, Mexcentrix can help you!

At Mexcentrix, we can support you in analyzing whether your company is eligible to obtain PROSEC or Rule 8th and assist you through the complete application process and compliance with obligations, such as the Annual Report of Foreign Trade Operations.  

Contact us for more information! 

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03Abr

Trump reveals “Liberation Day Tariffs” What is the impact for Mexico?

abril 3, 2025 Nuria Minondo newsletter

President Donald J. Trump has declared a national emergency to counter trade imbalances and economic vulnerabilities. His executive order enforces tariffs aimed at strengthening the U.S. economy and supporting domestic industries.

The plan includes  a 10% baseline tariff on all imports to the country effective April 5, with additional tariffs on several of its biggest trading partners, including:

  • China: A 34% tariff on imports has been announced. China has stated that it will implement countermeasures if these tariffs are enforced.
  • European Union: 20% tariffs. Furthermore, and before Liberation Day, the EU has countered U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum with retaliatory tariffs on U.S. products like whiskey and motorcycles.
  • India: 27% import tariffs. India faces higher export costs following the revocation of its special trade status while also imposing tariffs on U.S. goods.

In the graph below, you can find the list of proposed tariffs:

Source: https://www.reuters.com/markets/wealth/global-markets-tariffs-graphic-pix-2025-04-02/

Mexico’s Tariff Exemption

Despite new U.S. tariffs, Mexico and Canada remain exempt under the USMCA. Economy Minister Marcelo Ebrard emphasized that both countries enjoy a 0% tariff rate, distinguishing them from other trade partners.

President Claudia Sheinbaum credited this exemption to strong U.S.-Mexico relations, reinforcing Mexico’s diplomatic efforts. However, discussions continue on existing tariffs for key industries. Vehicles and auto parts now face a 25% tariff that is not compliant with the USMCA rules of origin, while aluminum and steel imports are taxed at the same rate.

This doesn’t mean entirely good news for Mexico, as vehicles and autoparts are the main exported finished goods, with its principal destination being the United States.  More than 80% of Mexico’s total exports go to the United States.

Furthermore, it is considered that around 50% of total exports are not considered as originating goods according to the provisions established in the USMCA.

Mexico’s government has stated that it aims to secure better terms while navigating global trade shifts.

Global Markets Response

  • S. Stock Market: The Dow Jones Industrial Average plummeted over 1,200 points, marking one of its steepest declines in recent history. The Nasdaq fell by 5.1%, and the S&P 500 declined by 3.66%. Companies heavily reliant on global supply chains were particularly affected.[1]
  • International Markets: European stock indexes experienced broad-based declines, with the UK’s FTSE 100, France’s CAC 40, and Germany’s DAX all falling by approximately 3%. Asian markets mirrored these losses, reflecting deep concerns over the potential global economic impact. [2]​​
  • Currency and Commodities: According to several sources, commodities such as gold saw price increases, while oil and bitcoin prices declined, indicating heightened market uncertainty

The global economy is bracing for the impact of Trump’s “Liberation Day Tariffs.” While countries like Mexico seem to benefit from tariff exemptions, it still faces important tariffs, and others face disruptions. Nations will need to adapt quickly to minimize economic impact and navigate the growing protectionist landscape.

[2]​​ The Guardian & WSJ

[1] ​Business Insider

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